1871
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March
19, Marx and Engels learn of the
proletarian revolution that broke out in Paris on
March 18. |
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March
19 to May 28,
Marx and Engels organize mass workers'
demonstrations and a broad campaign in support of
the Paris Committee proclaimed as a result of the
victorious revolution in Paris. General Council
discusses the events in Paris. Marx and Engels
maintain constant contact with Committee and help
Communards with their advice. |
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March
21, In a
General Council meeting, Engels speaks on the
revolution in Paris. |
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March
28, Festive
proclamation of Paris Commune. |
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March-April,
Commune adopts decrees on the abolition of levies
and substitution of armed people for a standing
army, on the transfer of administrative power in
the districts of Paris to Commune, on the
separation of Church from State, the hand-over of
workshops standing idle to workers' producer
cooperatives, and others. |
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April
12, "Volksstaat"
publishes Engels' article "On the Cigar
Makers' Strike in Antwerp", which calls on
German workers to aid the strikers. |
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April
18 to May 29,
Marx works on "The Civil War in France",
an address of General Council of the International
showing the world-historical importance of Paris
Commune as the first attempt in establishing a
dictatorship of the proletariat, as a prototype of
the future socialist state. |
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May
9, in a
General Council meeting, Engels reports on Paris
Communards' resistance to Versailles troops and on
the strikes in Spain and Belgium. |
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May
30,
International's General Council unanimously
approves Marx' address, "The Civil War in
France". It is published as a pamphlet in
English and in a number of the International's
newspapers. |
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June-Dec.,
Marx and Engels organize support for emigre Paris
Communards. |
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June-Nov.,
Engels exchanges letters with Carlo Cafiero, a
leading figure in Italian revolutionary movement,
and through him influences Neapolitan section of
International. |
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Sept.
17-23, London
Conference of International Working Men's
Association, with "political action on the
working class" the main point on its agenda.
A controversy ensued over this issue with the
anarchists and trade union reformists. In
September 21 sitting Engels demonstrates necessity
for proletarian political action and for an
independent proletarian party in each country.
This is put down in a resolution of the
Conference. |
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Nov.
25, with
Bakuninists gaining influence in Spain, Engels
writes a letter to Spanish Federal Council of
International in Madrid refuting Bakuninist
slanders against the General Council and London
Conference. |
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Nov.
29, Engels
draws up a General Council statement to the editor
of "Il Proletario Italiano", showing the
importance of political action for the
emancipation of working class.
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1872
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March
5, General
Council of International Working Men's Association
approves a private circular, "Fictitious
Splits in International", written by Marx and
Engels, which exposes Bakuninist intrigues,
double-dealing policy and disruptive activity in
International. |
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April
24, Engels
sends his first contribution to "La
Plebe", an Italian socialist newspaper. |
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May,
General Council's private circular,
"Fictitious Splits in International",
which is written by Marx and Engels, comes out in
Genova and is distributed to sections and
federations of International. |
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June
26 to Feb. 22, 1873,
"Volksstaadt", the central organ of
Social-Democratic Workers' Party of Germany,
publishes "The Housing Question", a
series of articles by Engels. |
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Sept.
2-7, Marx and
Engels take part in Hague Congress of First
International. It confirms the main resolutions of
London Congress and censures the disruptive
activity of anarchists. It expels their leaders
from International. Congress resolves to transfer
the seat of General Council to New York. |
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October,
Engels writes an article, "On
Authority", which he sends to Enrico Bignami. |
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Oct.
to August 1873,
Marx and Engels systematically correspond with
leaders of International in USA, Spain, Italy,
GErmany and other countries, explaining the
resolutions of Hague Congress. |
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