Namakdan
is a container to keep and carry salt. This was mostly woven for
shepherds, to take the salt needed for flock in pasture and mountain.
Shepherd carries namakdan, full of salt, on his shoulder and once in a
while sprinkles some of it on the rocks, next to the flock, to make
those salt-lick, though he provides enough salt for them.
There
is no need of shepherd namakdan in regions near Kavir (salt-earth) or
places having enough salt in its grass.
Besides
shepherd usage, namakdan is also used at homes. Most of tribes keep
their salt in these hand woven salt containers and hang it to the
corner of their tent, near to cooking place, to use in food or dough
preparation. Because of the lack of mortar in tribes, they buy crushed
salt either in the way or from peddlers, so they take good care of
salt, as it is not commonly available.
Regardless
of its usage, namakdan has always the same shape, which is made of
salt storage part and pharynx (neck), to prevent wasting of salt.
Namakdan
is woven in different sizes. Although there is no drastic difference,
it is distinguished. Size of namakdan is related to the size of flock.
Larger namakdan is woven also for shepherd taking the flock far to
mountains, for weeks or months, so they will have no shortage of salt.
Most
of shepherd namakdans are woven by tribe members; simply because
tribal shepherds do not have the chance to buy salt from shops, so
they have to carry their needed salt with themselves. Whereas, village
shepherds, whose flocks are near the village during the day and go
back to village at night, do not need to carry too much salt with
themselves.
Shepherd
namakdans are woven by tribal and villager women. In fact, their
affection and feeling is quite noticeable in their namakdan, as they
are woven for shepherds, who are either their children, brothers or
husband.
It
seems that, namakdan weavers try their best artistic skills to weave
these little charming pieces, so that some are tribal art
masterpieces.
Almost
all of Iranian tribes, except Turkmen, have shepherd namakdan.
Although those are apparently similar in size, are different in
details.
Tribal
namakdan of no other country is woven like Iranian ones. Despite of
Turkey's old weaving tradition and variety of its tribes, no namakdan
have found there. There are some namakdans woven by Caucasian, Baluch
of Pakistan and Afghanistan, which are very similar to Iranian Baluch
namakdan. "Hezarei" of Afghanistan wove namakdan. One made
of cotton cloth with patch-work is
found from Uzbek of North Bukhara, which is rare in its category.
Regions,
outside present Iran's borders, Where some namakdans have been found,
should also be known as part of Iranian Culture, because until last
century, many of those regions were parts of Iran.
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