Various
types of houses with yard in Yazd are:
1-
Single
Yard Houses
1-1-
Yards with a hall space on its previous (back to sunshine) front
These houses have only one hall on the previous front and in the other
fronts. Here, specially on winter-residing parts, a common combination
of room and corridor is built. Spaces of Western front, in this type,
are variable between two or four spaces, and in previous front, some
spaces like kitchen, pool-house and room are built on the hall site.
1-2-
Spaces with hall space and a space on besides, plus a room and other
space in winter front on the opposite side
In some other houses, in summer regarding front, hall with another
space is located, on the yard side and symmetry is not observed by
hall in previous aspect.
1-3-
Species with hall space and a space on each side, plus three spaces in
winter front of opposite side
One of the most common types was formed with regarding two spaces on
hall sides (in one front of yard). In some samples, there are two
corridors at hall side, by building two buttresses in hall. In various
species, each lateral space of hall has special application.
In
these houses, one of the elected features for yard, was octahedron.
Organizing of spaces around octagon yard is alike rectangular yards.
In some instances, an obtuse is appeared out of the arm (pane) and is
utilized to access a number of spaces in two fronts. It is vertically
considered, that each side belongs to two fronts, usually as house
corridor, but in one sample, there are three rooms in each corner.
1-4-
Species with hall space and two spaces on each side plus five spaces
in winter front of opposite side
Extreme expansion in summer front made a combination of five side by
side spaces, two spaces on each side of hall. There are usually two
corridors at hall side, plus two other spaces, like three-door or
sash-window room. In winter front, pursuant to the same method of
space location, sash-window room or five-door room are in center and
spaces, similar to whatever located at hall side, stands at its side.
2-
Multi-Yard
Houses
In those houses, a combination of so far mentioned species are
organized in a few yards. Principal reason for creating this scheme
was a believing sight to the subject. In some of those houses, second
yard has been only an “Orangery” with many kinds of domestic
plants, but not an exterior space.
In
multi-yard houses of Shiraz and Yazd, due to organizing various spaces
in two or more yards, some various types of space decoration was
obtained.
Considering
the fact, that in those cities, main axis of house, as absolute
function, is residing in the main space of hall and winter residing
room, therefore in multi-yard houses, mostly, main axes would be in
one direction, unless the land special conditions, necessitate another
design. In that case, some alternations come along at the main
decorative axes and following division appears:
2-1-
Main axis of yards are parallel
2-2-
Main axis of yards are parallel, but not side by side
2-3-
Main axis are vertical to each other
2-4-
A combination of foregoing features
Entrance
way to yards, considering their positions, is performed in a few
types. The most common solution is passing through vestibule (which is
a connector of different spaces). When house located among some
allies, access to yards (cortile and exterior yard) may be done from
several entrances. Other solution for this, is a combination of two
above-mentioned solution, e.g., utilizing vestibule and entrance for
surrounding allies.
Cortile
and exterior yard connect together in several ways. This connection
might accomplish both in surface (ground floor) through various
corridors and through several ways of underground.
The
logic of design in multi-yard houses could be a pattern for new modern
designs.
.
|
