Mosque
must be overlooking to Kiblah and dome of the house should be built on
the same front. That's why in Iranian mosques special attention is
done to Eyvan in that front.
If
we consider "yard" as a common aspects of architecture in
Iran, four-veranda-yard of mosque is a perfect example of an ideal
yard. That yard in schools and caravanserais is double-feature of the
same four-veranda-yard, but on the contrary to mosque, on these two
samples overlooking to Kiblah is not a must (in mosque-school, also
yard is built toward Kiblah) and house dome doesn't stand in main
veranda.
One
of the specialties of mosques and public places is that they must be
pair, i.e., symmetry must be kept to attract glance to the center of
construction, which is the most important part of building. This point
was also considered in school and caravansary. Yard lays the symmetric
facades side by side.
In
architecture of school and caravansary, value of all fronts are almost
equal, considering application of those two buildings, as short-term
residences. Their common aspects, from point of view of location of
various elements of architecture and various application, is
multifarious.
In
square-shaped plans of school and caravanserais, there is a basic
difference between lateral places of yard and cornered places. This
difference could be found, because repeating lateral rooms in building
is rather stable and similar, while rooms in corners and on ribs are
quite different.
In
architecture of school and caravansary, in fact the most stable part
of building, constructed around yard, are residential room and
chambers, repeated without basic alternation. Entrances and corners,
in which the less important spaces are set, are from variant elements
around yard.
With
due regards to the fact that architecture of yarded buildings is a
combination of layers or rings around central yard and that each layer
embraces a part of rooms, verandas, storages, ..., by alternation,
increasing or decreasing layers, one could distinguish types of
building.
Architecture
of caravansary has an outer layer as stables and storages, but no such
a layer in school. In architecture of school, it is only added to
entrance section or one of the fronts of layer; usually, there's no
need for an extra layer on the other fronts of yard.
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