Except
for Iran and other Islamic countries, where yard, in addition to
climatic application, has cultural use, in other countries, in East
and West of Iran, also in far away countries, some houses are built
with yard; even in those places, effect of climatic, cultural and
belief in construction of yard, are obviously considered.
In
some regions of China and on the lands of Shwanasi Province, a
collection of "Yaudangs" are built. Yaudang is a house with
yard, built on the slope of hills, by pressed argil. Houses, built on
the slope of hills, are usually without a yard, in all the entire
world and in Iran and opening of various spaces over look toward
opposite side, but here we have a different case. In a way for
security reasons, for protection against aggression of other tribes or
clans, complex is built on hill.
In
other way, house space could not be wide-opened, because of drastic
winds along with dust. The main spaces of house might not open to this
wind and due to under-zero cold of winter, benefiting daily sunshine
of winter in yard was possible.
Rooms
of the house have clay platform, to be used both for sitting and
bedding as well. Yard has a small garden with some elements inside.
In
North China, several underground sets are built in Honnan. Houses, in
this region, have also a small yard and small rooms are enlighten
through yard.
In
some Western countries, like Greece and Italy, Yarded houses with
ancientness of 2000 years are built. Also houses with yard are built
in plenitude in ancient Rome, but origin of those buildings came from
Greece, such as other artistic effects of old Greece in civilization
of other nations.
In
ancient Greece, yard and corral of the house had metaphysical meaning:
"Encircling house was considered as fencing the altar of family
Gods." This sacred place must be siege, so that strangers could
not enter. In addition to this rule, two houses should not cling
together. In ancient Rome, This distance was two and a half steps.
This space was endowed to house goddess.
Greek
divided the encircled square to residential and yard. Romans, also,
similarly divided various spaces of house, but these spaces stayed on
four sides of yard, consequently yard became smaller.
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